android 截屏实现的几种方式
android 截屏实现的几种方式
Android 截屏分为四种：View 截屏、WebView 截屏、系统截屏 和 adb 截屏
1、View 截屏
View 截图是将当前 View 界面截取下来，而对于屏幕上其他信息比如：状态栏或其他应用的界面将无法截取。
1.1 截取除了导航栏之外的屏幕
// 开始截屏
private static byte[] screenshotView() {View view = getWindow().getDecorView();// view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); // 设置缓存，可用于实时截图Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);view.draw(canvas);// view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); // 清空缓存，可用于实时截图byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap); // 位图转为 Bytereturn drawByte;
}// 位图转 Base64 String
private static String getBitmapString(Bitmap bitmap) {String result = null;ByteArrayOutputStream out = null;try {if (bitmap != null) {out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);out.flush();out.close();byte[] bitmapBytes = out.toByteArray();result = Base64.encodeToString(bitmapBytes, Base64.DEFAULT);}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {try {if (out != null) {out.flush();out.close();}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}return result;
}// 位图转 Byte
private static byte[] getBitmapByte(Bitmap bitmap){ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();// 参数1转换类型，参数2压缩质量，参数3字节流资源bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);try {out.flush();out.close();} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}return out.toByteArray();
}1.2 截取某个控件或者区域
// 方法1
private static byte[] screenshotView1() {View view = title;view.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true);view.buildDrawingCache();Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getDrawingCache());byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);return drawByte;
}// 方法2
private static byte[] screenshotView2() {View view = title;Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(view.getWidth(), view.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);// 使用 Canvas，调用自定义 view 控件的 onDraw 方法，绘制图片Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);dView.draw(canvas);byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);return drawByte;
}2、WebView 截屏
WebView 截屏有四种方式
2.1 使用 capturePicture() 方法（已废弃）
private static byte[] screenshotWebView() {Picture picture = webview.capturePicture();//创建位图Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(picture.getWidth(), picture.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);// 绘制(会调用 native 方法，完成图形绘制)picture.draw(canvas);byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);return drawByte;
}2.2 使用 getScale() 方法（已废弃）
private static byte[] screenshotWebView() {float scale = webView.getScale();int webViewHeight = (int) (webView.getContentHeight()*scale+0.5);Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(webView.getWidth(),webViewHeight, Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);webView.draw(canvas);byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);return drawByte;
}2.3 使用 getDrawingCache() 方法
private static byte[] screenshotWebView() {Bitmap bitmap = webView.getDrawingCache();byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bmp);return drawByte;
}2.4 使用 draw() 方法
private static byte[] screenshotWebView() {// webView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(true); // 设置缓存Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(webView.getWidth(), webView.getHeight(), Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888);Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);webView.draw(canvas);webView.destroyDrawingCache();byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);// webView.setDrawingCacheEnabled(false); // 清空缓存return drawByte;
}2.5 截长图配置
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP) {WebView.enableSlowWholeDocumentDraw();
}
setContentView(R.layout.activity_webview);WebView 截图可能截取不到 cavans 元素，原因是开启了硬件加速，可在 AndroidManifest.xml 中设置属性 android:hardwareAccelerated="false"
关闭硬件加速可能导致页面出现意外情况
3、系统截屏
3.1 MediaProjection
public static final int REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION = 10001;
// 申请截屏权限
private void getScreenShotPower() {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {MediaProjectionManager mProjectionManager = (MediaProjectionManager) getSystemService(Context.MEDIA_PROJECTION_SERVICE);if (mProjectionManager != null) {startActivityForResult(mProjectionManager.createScreenCaptureIntent(), REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION);}}
}private MediaProjection mMediaProjection;
// 回调
@Override
protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);if (requestCode == REQUEST_MEDIA_PROJECTION && data != null) {if (resultCode == RESULT_OK) {MediaProjection mediaProjection = mMediaProjectionManager.getMediaProjection(resultCode, data);if (mediaProjection == null) {Toast.makeText(this,"程序发生错误:MediaProjection@1",Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;}// mediaProjection 就是当前屏幕流} else if (resultCode == RESULT_CANCELED) {Log.d(TAG, "用户取消");}}
}3.2 Surface（需要 root 权限）
使用前需要：
- 在
AndroidMenifest.xml中添加android:sharedUserId="android.uid.system"属性 - 需要给程序添加系统签名
- 或者 root 系统
使用 Java 反射机制，调用系统 API 截图：
private void screenshotSystem() {Class<?> surfaceClass;Method method = null;Bitmap bitmap = null;try {if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.JELLY_BEAN_MR2) {surfaceClass = Class.forName("android.view.SurfaceControl");} else {surfaceClass = Class.forName("android.view.Surface");}method = surfaceClass.getDeclaredMethod("screenshot", Integer.TYPE, Integer.TYPE);method.setAccessible(true);bitmap = (Bitmap)method.invoke((Object)null, webview.getWidth(), webview.getHeight());byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);} catch (ClassNotFoundException e){e.printStackTrace();} catch (NoSuchMethodException e){e.printStackTrace();} catch (IllegalAccessException e){e.printStackTrace();} catch (InvocationTargetException e){e.printStackTrace();}
}3.3 PixelCopy
private void screenshotSystem() {if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {PixelCopy.request(getWindow(), bitmap, new PixelCopy.OnPixelCopyFinishedListener() {@Overridepublic void onPixelCopyFinished(int copyResult){if (PixelCopy.SUCCESS == copyResult) {byte[] drawByte = getBitmapByte(bitmap);} else {// onErrorCallback()}}}, new Handler());}
}3.4 framebuffer（需要 root 权限）
String DEVICE_NAME = "/dev/graphics/fb0";
File deviceFile = new File(DEVICE_NAME);
Process localProcess = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("supersu");
String str = "cat " + deviceFile.getAbsolutePath() + "\n";
localProcess.getOutputStream().write(str.getBytes());
return localProcess.getInputStream();3.5 screencap 命令（需要 root 权限）
private static String getScreenshot(){Process process = null;String filePath = "mnt/sdcard/" + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".png";try {process = Runtime.getRuntime().exec("su");PrintStream outputStream = null;outputStream = new PrintStream(new BufferedOutputStream(process.getOutputStream(), 8192));outputStream.println("screencap -p " + filePath);outputStream.flush();outputStream.close();process.waitFor();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();} finally {if(process != null){process.destroy();}}return filePath;
}4、adb 截屏
$ adb shell
shell@ $ screencap /sdcard/screen.png
shell@ $ exit
$ adb pull /sdcard/screen.png